1. What is the primary role of the judiciary in a democracy?
- A) To create laws
- B) To interpret laws
- C) To oversee elections
- D) To manage executive functions
- Answer: B) To interpret laws
2. Why is the independence of the judiciary important?
- A) To allow the judiciary to make arbitrary decisions
- B) To ensure judiciary decisions are influenced by the government
- C) To protect the judiciary from political pressures
- D) To give the judiciary power over the legislature
- Answer: C) To protect the judiciary from political pressures
3. Which constitutional article empowers the Supreme Court to issue writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights?
- A) Article 32
- B) Article 14
- C) Article 19
- D) Article 226
- Answer: A) Article 32
4. What is meant by 'judicial review'?
- A) The power to amend the Constitution
- B) The power of the judiciary to examine the constitutionality of laws
- C) The power to appoint judges
- D) The power to interpret only criminal cases
- Answer: B) The power of the judiciary to examine the constitutionality of laws
5. Which of the following is a key feature of Public Interest Litigation (PIL)?
- A) Cases can only be filed by those directly affected
- B) Anyone can file a case in the public interest
- C) It restricts the judiciary’s power to intervene in social issues
- D) It only applies to cases involving corporations
- Answer: B) Anyone can file a case in the public interest
6. In the structure of the Indian judiciary, which court is at the apex?
- A) High Court
- B) District Court
- C) Supreme Court
- D) Family Court
- Answer: C) Supreme Court
7. Which jurisdiction allows the Supreme Court to settle disputes directly between the Union and States?
- A) Appellate Jurisdiction
- B) Original Jurisdiction
- C) Advisory Jurisdiction
- D) Special Jurisdiction
- Answer: B) Original Jurisdiction
8. What is the primary purpose of the collegium system in judicial appointments?
- A) To involve the public in judge appointments
- B) To ensure appointments are free from political influence
- C) To allow only senior judges to be promoted
- D) To prevent the appointment of High Court judges to the Supreme Court
- Answer: B) To ensure appointments are free from political influence
9. Which of the following writs can be issued to prevent a public official from performing an illegal act?
- A) Habeas Corpus
- B) Mandamus
- C) Prohibition
- D) Quo Warranto
- Answer: B) Mandamus
10. Which landmark case introduced the 'basic structure doctrine' in the Indian Constitution?
- A) Kesavananda Bharati case
- B) Golaknath case
- C) Minerva Mills case
- D) A.K. Gopalan case
- Answer: A) Kesavananda Bharati case
11. What does the term “independence of the judiciary” primarily mean?
- A) The judiciary can function without fear or favor.
- B) The judiciary is not accountable to the Constitution.
- C) Judges are appointed solely by the Parliament.
- D) The judiciary operates without any restrictions.
- Answer: A) The judiciary can function without fear or favor.
12. Which of the following is NOT a measure provided by the Indian Constitution to ensure the independence of the judiciary?
- A) Judges have a fixed tenure until retirement.
- B) Salaries and allowances of judges require legislative approval.
- C) Judges are not easily removed from office.
- D) The judiciary is financially independent of the executive.
- Answer: B) Salaries and allowances of judges require legislative approval.
13. What is the purpose of the Supreme Court’s appellate jurisdiction?
- A) To transfer cases from High Courts to the President
- B) To hear appeals from lower courts in civil, criminal, and constitutional cases
- C) To provide legal advice to the executive on policy matters
- D) To initiate legislation on legal matters
- Answer: B) To hear appeals from lower courts in civil, criminal, and constitutional cases
14. Who has the authority to appoint judges to the Supreme Court and High Courts in India?
- A) The Prime Minister
- B) The Chief Justice of India alone
- C) The President in consultation with the Chief Justice of India
- D) The Parliament through a voting system
- Answer: C) The President in consultation with the Chief Justice of India
15. In which jurisdiction can the Supreme Court advise the President on matters of public importance?
- A) Appellate Jurisdiction
- B) Original Jurisdiction
- C) Advisory Jurisdiction
- D) Special Jurisdiction
- Answer: C) Advisory Jurisdiction
16. The Supreme Court has the power to issue writs in order to:
- A) Enforce Fundamental Rights
- B) Remove judges from office
- C) Set up new High Courts
- D) Create new laws
- Answer: A) Enforce Fundamental Rights
17. Which writ can be issued to question the legality of a person holding a public office?
- A) Habeas Corpus
- B) Quo Warranto
- C) Mandamus
- D) Certiorari
- Answer: B) Quo Warranto
18. What was the main issue in the Kesavananda Bharati case?
- A) Right to property
- B) Separation of powers
- C) Basic structure of the Constitution
- D) Appointment of judges
- Answer: C) Basic structure of the Constitution
19. What does judicial activism often involve?
- A) Courts strictly limiting themselves to cases brought before them
- B) Judiciary proactively addressing issues based on newspaper reports and public grievances
- C) Judges engaging in politics and making laws
- D) Restricting the executive’s power without justification
- Answer: B) Judiciary proactively addressing issues based on newspaper reports and public grievances
20. Which of the following cases is known for highlighting the issue of prisoners' rights through Public Interest Litigation (PIL)?
- A) Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
- B) Hussainara Khatoon v. State of Bihar
- C) Minerva Mills v. Union of India
- D) A.K. Gopalan v. State of Madras
- Answer: B) Hussainara Khatoon v. State of Bihar
21. What kind of disputes fall under the Supreme Court’s original jurisdiction?
- A) Disputes between two citizens
- B) Disputes between two countries
- C) Disputes between the Union and a State, or among States
- D) Disputes involving criminal cases only
- Answer: C) Disputes between the Union and a State, or among States
22. Which of the following statements is true about judicial review?
- A) Only the President has the power of judicial review.
- B) Judicial review allows courts to examine the constitutionality of laws.
- C) Judicial review only applies to criminal cases.
- D) Judicial review is explicitly mentioned in the Indian Constitution.
- Answer: B) Judicial review allows courts to examine the constitutionality of laws.
23. Which article of the Indian Constitution allows High Courts to issue writs for restoring Fundamental Rights?
- A) Article 14
- B) Article 226
- C) Article 368
- D) Article 32
- Answer: B) Article 226
24. The Supreme Court's power to review its own judgments is derived from which Article?
- A) Article 144
- B) Article 137
- C) Article 352
- D) Article 368
- Answer: B) Article 137
25. Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of judicial activism?
- A) It increases public trust in the judiciary.
- B) It reduces the judiciary’s power.
- C) It blurs the distinction between the judiciary, executive, and legislature.
- D) It strengthens the role of the legislature.
- Answer: C) It blurs the distinction between the judiciary, executive, and legislature
26. What is the primary role of judicial review in India?
- A) To create new laws for the public
- B) To enforce laws passed by the legislature
- C) To examine the constitutionality of laws and actions
- D) To review executive orders only
- Answer: C) To examine the constitutionality of laws and actions
27. Which of the following is NOT a type of jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?
- A) Original Jurisdiction
- B) Appellate Jurisdiction
- C) Advisory Jurisdiction
- D) Legislative Jurisdiction
- Answer: D) Legislative Jurisdiction
28. What is the meaning of "collegium" in the context of the Indian judiciary?
- A) A panel of government officials who appoint judges
- B) A body of senior judges in the Supreme Court who recommend judicial appointments
- C) A group of legislators involved in lawmaking
- D) A committee in Parliament overseeing judicial conduct
- Answer: B) A body of senior judges in the Supreme Court who recommend judicial appointments
4. Under which type of jurisdiction can the President seek the Supreme Court’s opinion on matters of public importance?
- A) Original Jurisdiction
- B) Appellate Jurisdiction
- C) Advisory Jurisdiction
- D) Judicial Review
- Answer: C) Advisory Jurisdiction
29. Which writ can be issued by a court to bring a person in custody before the court to examine the legality of detention?
- A) Mandamus
- B) Habeas Corpus
- C) Quo Warranto
- D) Certiorari
- Answer: B) Habeas Corpus
30. Which of the following measures does NOT protect judicial independence in India?
- A) Judges cannot be removed without a difficult process.
- B) Salaries and allowances of judges are determined by the legislature.
- C) Judges are not easily influenced by the executive branch.
- D) Judges have security of tenure until retirement.
- Answer: B) Salaries and allowances of judges are determined by the legislature.
31. The Supreme Court's decisions are binding on which of the following courts?
- A) Only High Courts
- B) All lower courts in India
- C) Only district and subordinate courts
- D) Only courts within a specific state
- Answer: B) All lower courts in India
32. The concept of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) allows:
- A) Only the government to file cases for public welfare
- B) Individuals to file cases on behalf of others in public interest
- C) Only affected individuals to approach the court
- D) The judiciary to reject cases involving social issues
- Answer: B) Individuals to file cases on behalf of others in public interest
33. Which case is often cited as the foundation of the “basic structure doctrine” in the Indian Constitution?
- A) Minerva Mills v. Union of India
- B) A.K. Gopalan v. State of Madras
- C) Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
- D) Golaknath v. State of Punjab
- Answer: C) Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
34. The authority of the court to penalize those guilty of contempt of court serves as:
- A) Protection for executive powers
- B) Protection for the judges from unfair criticism
- C) A method to challenge judicial independence
- D) A tool to influence legislative functions
- Answer: B) Protection for the judges from unfair criticism
35. In India, High Courts have appellate jurisdiction over:
- A) Cases only from district courts
- B) Cases from both district and subordinate courts within the state
- C) Cases only from other High Courts
- D) Only cases involving constitutional matters
- Answer: B) Cases from both district and subordinate courts within the state
36. The Chief Justice of India is traditionally appointed based on:
- A) Selection by the Prime Minister
- B) Seniority among Supreme Court judges
- C) Voting by all judges of the Supreme Court
- D) Public approval and legislative confirmation
- Answer: B) Seniority among Supreme Court judges
37. Which writ is issued to restrain a lower court or tribunal from exceeding its jurisdiction?
- A) Mandamus
- B) Certiorari
- C) Prohibition
- D) Quo Warranto
- Answer: C) Prohibition
38. What role does the judiciary play in protecting the Constitution?
- A) It amends the Constitution when needed.
- B) It enforces the Constitution by reviewing laws and government actions for constitutionality.
- C) It creates new constitutional provisions.
- D) It supervises elections.
- Answer: B) It enforces the Constitution by reviewing laws and government actions for constitutionality.
39. Which of the following is a key outcome of judicial activism in India?
- A) Restriction on the powers of Parliament
- B) Judicial decisions strictly limited to criminal cases
- C) Increased executive powers
- D) Enhanced protection of public rights and welfare through PILs
- Answer: D) Enhanced protection of public rights and welfare through PILs
MCQ for Political Science Class 11: A Comprehensive Guide
Political Science MCQs for Class 11 are essential tools for students preparing for exams, whether it's school-based assessments or competitive exams like entrance tests for higher studies. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) help reinforce key concepts and improve critical thinking skills by challenging students with concise, concept-based questions. Here’s a detailed guide on what students need to know about Class 11 Political Science MCQs, and tips for scoring high.
Why MCQs Are Important in Political Science
MCQs are designed to test students' understanding of key concepts, theories, and events. They help students to:
- Enhance Knowledge Retention: Quick-fire questions aid in remembering important facts and concepts.
- Improve Exam Performance: MCQs are a big part of many exams. Practicing these questions can improve speed and accuracy.
- Understand Key Themes: Political Science in Class 11 covers a wide range of topics, and MCQs can help consolidate understanding.
Core Topics for Political Science Class 11 MCQs
Constitution and its Philosophy
- Nature and significance of the Constitution
- Fundamental Rights and Duties
- Directive Principles of State Policy
Political Theory
- Theories of Justice, Equality, and Rights
- Concepts of Citizenship and Democracy
- Role of the State and Government in Society
Federalism
- Principles of Federalism and division of power
- Role of Central and State governments
- Issues in Indian Federalism
Elections and Representation
- Election Commission and its role
- Types of elections and voting behavior
- Electoral reforms in India
Political Parties and Party Systems
- Structure and role of political parties
- Types of party systems (single-party, two-party, multi-party)
- Importance of opposition parties
Tips for Scoring High in MCQs
- Understand the Concepts Thoroughly: Political Science requires a good grasp of concepts. Simply memorizing facts may not be enough; understanding the “why” behind each concept will improve your ability to tackle tricky questions.
- Practice Previous Year MCQs: Reviewing past papers helps you identify common question patterns.
- Focus on Key Terminology: Terms like ‘federalism,’ ‘democracy,’ ‘justice,’ and ‘citizenship’ are crucial. Knowing their definitions and significance can help with MCQs.
- Time Management: Practice completing MCQs within a set time frame to increase efficiency.
Sample Political Science Class 11 MCQs
Which of the following is a feature of the Indian Constitution?
- A) Presidential System
- B) Federalism with a Unitary Bias
- C) Monarchy
- D) Theocratic State
Answer: B
Who is responsible for the conduct of elections in India?
- A) Prime Minister
- B) Chief Justice of India
- C) President
- D) Election Commission
Answer: D
Which of the following rights is NOT a Fundamental Right in the Indian Constitution?
- A) Right to Property
- B) Right to Equality
- C) Right to Freedom
- D) Right against Exploitation
Answer: A
Where to Find Political Science MCQ Resources
For practice, students can refer to:
- NCERT Textbooks: NCERT Political Science books for Class 11 contain exercises that can serve as a foundation for MCQs.
- Online MCQ Platforms: Websites like Examveda, LearnCBSE, and BYJU's offer curated sets of MCQs for each chapter.
- MCQ Practice Apps: Apps like Toppr, Doubtnut, and Meritnation also offer MCQs and detailed explanations.
Conclusion
Practicing Political Science MCQs for Class 11 not only prepares you for exams but also builds a strong understanding of democratic systems, governance, and political theory, which are invaluable in today’s world. Remember, regular practice and in-depth study of key concepts are the most effective strategies for excelling in Political Science MCQs.
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