Friday, November 22, 2024

MCQ Chemistry Unit 7: Redox Reactions, HS 1St year

MCQs on Redox Reactions

1. What does the term "redox reaction" signify?
A. Only oxidation occurs
B. Only reduction occurs
C. Both oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously
D. No change in electron transfer
Answer: C

2. Which of the following represents an oxidation process?
A. CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
B. 2HgO → 2Hg + O2
C. 2FeCl3 + H2 → 2FeCl2 + 2HCl
D. Cl2 + 2KBr → 2KCl + Br2
Answer: A

3. In the reaction 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s), which species is oxidized?
A. Sodium
B. Chlorine
C. Sodium chloride
D. None
Answer: A

4. In the reaction Zn(s) + Cu²⁺(aq) → Zn²⁺(aq) + Cu(s), what role does zinc play?
A. Oxidizing agent
B. Reducing agent
C. Catalyst
D. Spectator ion
Answer: B

5. What is the oxidation state of sulfur in H2SO4?
A. +4
B. +6
C. -2
D. 0
Answer: B

6. In the reaction 2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂, the oxygen in H₂O₂ is:
A. Oxidized only
B. Reduced only
C. Both oxidized and reduced
D. Neither oxidized nor reduced
Answer: C

7. What is the product of the reaction between magnesium and chlorine?
A. MgCl
B. MgCl₂
C. Mg₂Cl
D. MgCl₄
Answer: B

8. Which of the following is a disproportionation reaction?
A. Cl₂ + 2OH⁻ → Cl⁻ + ClO⁻ + H₂O
B. Zn + Cu²⁺ → Zn²⁺ + Cu
C. H₂ + Cl₂ → 2HCl
D. CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
Answer: A

9. What is the oxidation state of manganese in KMnO₄?
A. +2
B. +4
C. +6
D. +7
Answer: D

10. Which statement is correct about oxidation numbers?
A. Hydrogen always has an oxidation number of +1.
B. The sum of oxidation numbers in a compound is always 0.
C. Oxygen always has an oxidation number of -2.
D. All metals have a positive oxidation number in their compounds.
Answer: B

MCQs on Redox Reactions

1. What does the term "redox reaction" signify?
A. Only oxidation occurs
B. Only reduction occurs
C. Both oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously
D. No change in electron transfer
Answer: C

2. Which of the following represents an oxidation process?
A. CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
B. 2HgO → 2Hg + O2
C. 2FeCl3 + H2 → 2FeCl2 + 2HCl
D. Cl2 + 2KBr → 2KCl + Br2
Answer: A

3. In the reaction 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s), which species is oxidized?
A. Sodium
B. Chlorine
C. Sodium chloride
D. None
Answer: A

4. In the reaction Zn(s) + Cu²⁺(aq) → Zn²⁺(aq) + Cu(s), what role does zinc play?
A. Oxidizing agent
B. Reducing agent
C. Catalyst
D. Spectator ion
Answer: B

5. What is the oxidation state of sulfur in H2SO4?
A. +4
B. +6
C. -2
D. 0
Answer: B

6. In the reaction 2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂, the oxygen in H₂O₂ is:
A. Oxidized only
B. Reduced only
C. Both oxidized and reduced
D. Neither oxidized nor reduced
Answer: C

7. What is the product of the reaction between magnesium and chlorine?
A. MgCl
B. MgCl₂
C. Mg₂Cl
D. MgCl₄
Answer: B

8. Which of the following is a disproportionation reaction?
A. Cl₂ + 2OH⁻ → Cl⁻ + ClO⁻ + H₂O
B. Zn + Cu²⁺ → Zn²⁺ + Cu
C. H₂ + Cl₂ → 2HCl
D. CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
Answer: A

9. What is the oxidation state of manganese in KMnO₄?
A. +2
B. +4
C. +6
D. +7
Answer: D

10. Which statement is correct about oxidation numbers?
A. Hydrogen always has an oxidation number of +1.
B. The sum of oxidation numbers in a compound is always 0.
C. Oxygen always has an oxidation number of -2.
D. All metals have a positive oxidation number in their compounds.
Answer: B

Let me know if you need more or specific types of questions!

You said:
Make more 40 nos. in continuation
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Here are 40 more MCQs in continuation:

11. What is the oxidation state of oxygen in peroxides like H₂O₂?
A. -1
B. -2
C. 0
D. +2
Answer: A

12. Which of the following is a redox reaction?
A. CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂
B. Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂
C. NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O
D. BaCl₂ + Na₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ + 2NaCl
Answer: B

13. The reaction 4Al + 3O₂ → 2Al₂O₃ is an example of:
A. Displacement reaction
B. Combination reaction
C. Decomposition reaction
D. Neutralization reaction
Answer: B

14. Which halogen is the strongest oxidizing agent?
A. Iodine
B. Bromine
C. Chlorine
D. Fluorine
Answer: D

15. In the reaction 2Fe³⁺ + 2I⁻ → 2Fe²⁺ + I₂, which species is reduced?
A. Fe³⁺
B. I⁻
C. Fe²⁺
D. I₂
Answer: A

16. What happens to chlorine in the reaction Cl₂ + 2KBr → 2KCl + Br₂?
A. Oxidized
B. Reduced
C. Both oxidized and reduced
D. No change
Answer: B

17. In a displacement reaction, which metal can displace zinc from zinc sulfate?
A. Copper
B. Silver
C. Iron
D. Magnesium
Answer: D

18. The oxidation state of sulfur in SO₄²⁻ is:
A. -2
B. +4
C. +6
D. +2
Answer: C

19. In the reaction MnO₄⁻ + 8H⁺ + 5e⁻ → Mn²⁺ + 4H₂O, manganese is:
A. Oxidized
B. Reduced
C. Neither oxidized nor reduced
D. Both oxidized and reduced
Answer: B

20. Which statement about oxidation numbers is correct?
A. Fluorine always has an oxidation number of +1.
B. The oxidation number of hydrogen is -1 in metal hydrides.
C. Oxygen always has an oxidation number of +2.
D. The oxidation number of chlorine is always -1.
Answer: B

21. In the reaction Zn(s) + Cu²⁺(aq) → Zn²⁺(aq) + Cu(s), copper acts as:
A. Reducing agent
B. Oxidizing agent
C. Catalyst
D. Base
Answer: B

22. The oxidation state of nitrogen in NH₃ is:
A. -3
B. +3
C. -2
D. 0
Answer: A

23. Which of the following is not a redox reaction?
A. 2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO
B. HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
C. 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
D. Fe₂O₃ + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO₂
Answer: B

24. What is the oxidation state of chromium in K₂Cr₂O₇?
A. +3
B. +6
C. +7
D. +4
Answer: B

25. In the reaction 2NaH + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂, the species oxidized is:
A. Hydrogen in NaH
B. Oxygen in H₂O
C. Sodium in NaH
D. Hydrogen in H₂O
Answer: A

26. Which species is the oxidizing agent in the reaction 2FeCl₂ + Cl₂ → 2FeCl₃?
A. Fe²⁺
B. Fe³⁺
C. Cl⁻
D. Cl₂
Answer: D

27. In the reaction 2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂, water acts as:
A. Oxidizing agent
B. Reducing agent
C. Both oxidizing and reducing agent
D. Neither oxidizing nor reducing agent
Answer: C

28. What is the product of the reaction between aluminum and oxygen?
A. AlO
B. Al₂O₃
C. AlO₂
D. Al₂O
Answer: B

29. Which element undergoes oxidation in the reaction 2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO?
A. Oxygen
B. Magnesium
C. Both magnesium and oxygen
D. Neither magnesium nor oxygen
Answer: B

30. What is the oxidation state of chlorine in HClO₄?
A. +1
B. +3
C. +5
D. +7
Answer: D

31. The reaction 3Mg + N₂ → Mg₃N₂ is an example of:
A. Combination reaction
B. Displacement reaction
C. Decomposition reaction
D. Double displacement reaction
Answer: A

32. What is the reducing agent in the reaction 2Fe + 3Cl₂ → 2FeCl₃?
A. Fe
B. Cl₂
C. FeCl₃
D. None
Answer: A

33. In the reaction PbO₂ + 4HCl → PbCl₂ + Cl₂ + 2H₂O, what is the oxidizing agent?
A. HCl
B. PbO₂
C. Cl₂
D. PbCl₂
Answer: B

34. Which compound shows a fractional oxidation state?
A. Fe₃O₄
B. CO₂
C. H₂O₂
D. CH₄
Answer: A

35. In the reaction 2Ag⁺ + Cu → 2Ag + Cu²⁺, which metal is reduced?
A. Copper
B. Silver
C. Both copper and silver
D. Neither copper nor silver
Answer: B

36. In the reaction 2KI + Cl₂ → 2KCl + I₂, which halogen is reduced?
A. Chlorine
B. Iodine
C. Both chlorine and iodine
D. Neither chlorine nor iodine
Answer: A

37. The oxidation number of phosphorus in H₃PO₄ is:
A. +3
B. +5
C. -3
D. +1
Answer: B

38. Which of the following reactions involves disproportionation?
A. 2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂
B. Cl₂ + H₂O → HCl + HClO
C. Zn + CuSO₄ → ZnSO₄ + Cu
D. Na + H₂O → NaOH + H₂
Answer: B

39. In a Galvanic cell, oxidation occurs at the:
A. Cathode
B. Anode
C. Salt bridge
D. External circuit
Answer: B

40. Which of the following has the highest standard reduction potential?
A. F₂
B. Cl₂
C. Br₂
D. I₂
Answer: A


রেডক্স বিক্রিয়া (Redox Reactions)

রেডক্স বিক্রিয়াগুলি অক্সিডেশন ও রিডাকশনের যৌথ প্রক্রিয়া। এটি বিভিন্ন রাসায়নিক বিক্রিয়া এবং শিল্প প্রক্রিয়াগুলিতে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ভূমিকা পালন করে।

১. রেডক্স বিক্রিয়ার মূল ধারণা

  • অক্সিডেশন: অক্সিজেন বা ইলেক্ট্রনেগেটিভ উপাদানের সংযোজন, অথবা হাইড্রোজেন বা ইলেক্ট্রোপজিটিভ উপাদানের অপসারণ।
  • রিডাকশন: উল্টোটির ক্ষেত্রে ঘটে।

২. ইলেক্ট্রন স্থানান্তর প্রক্রিয়া

রেডক্স বিক্রিয়া ইলেক্ট্রন স্থানান্তরের মাধ্যমে ঘটে।

  • উদাহরণ: 2Na+Cl2→2NaCl2Na + Cl_2 → 2NaCl, যেখানে সোডিয়াম ইলেক্ট্রন হারিয়ে অক্সিডেশন হয় এবং ক্লোরিন ইলেক্ট্রন গ্রহণ করে রিডাকশন হয়।

৩. অক্সিডেশন সংখ্যা

অক্সিডেশন সংখ্যার ধারণা ইলেক্ট্রন স্থানান্তরকে সহজভাবে ব্যাখ্যা করতে ব্যবহৃত হয়।

  • নিয়ম:
    1. মুক্ত অবস্থায় অক্সিডেশন সংখ্যা ০।
    2. আয়নে এটি আয়নের চার্জের সমান।
    3. অক্সিজেন সাধারণত -২ এবং হাইড্রোজেন +১ থাকে।

৪. রেডক্স বিক্রিয়ার প্রকারভেদ

  • কম্বিনেশন: দুটি উপাদান মিলিয়ে নতুন যৌগ তৈরি করা। উদাহরণ: C+O2→CO2C + O_2 → CO_2।
  • ডিকম্পোজিশন: একটি যৌগ ভেঙে দুটি বা ততোধিক উপাদান তৈরি করা। উদাহরণ: 2H2O→2H2+O22H_2O → 2H_2 + O_2।
  • ডিসপ্লেসমেন্ট: একটি উপাদান অন্যটিকে স্থানচ্যুত করে। উদাহরণ: Zn+CuSO4→ZnSO4+CuZn + CuSO_4 → ZnSO_4 + Cu।
  • ডিসপ্রোপোরশনেশন: একটি উপাদান একসাথে অক্সিডাইজ এবং রিডিউস হয়।

৫. রেডক্স বিক্রিয়ার ভিত্তিতে টাইট্রেশন

রেডক্স টাইট্রেশন অক্সিডাইজার বা রিডিউসারের ঘনত্ব নির্ধারণে ব্যবহৃত হয়।

  • উদাহরণ: পটাসিয়াম পারম্যাঙ্গানেট ব্যবহার করে ফেরাস আয়নের টাইট্রেশন।

৬. রেডক্স বিক্রিয়া এবং বৈদ্যুতিক কোষ

ড্যানিয়েল সেলে রেডক্স বিক্রিয়ার মাধ্যমে বিদ্যুৎ উৎপন্ন হয়। উদাহরণ: Zn+Cu2+→Zn2++CuZn + Cu^{2+} → Zn^{2+} + Cu।


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