1. Investment and Industrialization in Orissa
Q1. Why is Orissa considered an important investment destination for the steel industry?
a) It has cheap labor
b) It has large reserves of untapped iron ore
c) It is the most industrialized state in India
d) It has advanced steel manufacturing technology
Answer: b) It has large reserves of untapped iron ore
Q2. What is the key concern of the tribal population regarding industrialization in Orissa?
a) Loss of their traditional culture
b) Displacement from their home and livelihood
c) Increase in living costs
d) Lack of electricity supply
Answer: b) Displacement from their home and livelihood
Q3. What is the central government’s concern regarding restrictions on industry in Orissa?
a) It could harm relations with international companies
b) It would increase unemployment in urban areas
c) It could discourage investment in the country
d) It would increase the price of steel
Answer: c) It could discourage investment in the country
2. Political Contestation and Decision-Making
Q4. According to the passage, major developmental decisions should be taken by:
a) Business leaders and industrialists
b) Environmentalists and economists
c) People's representatives in a democracy
d) International organizations like the UN
Answer: c) People's representatives in a democracy
Q5. Why is development a political issue?
a) It involves weighing the interests of different social groups
b) It requires approval from international organizations
c) It is controlled only by the private sector
d) It does not involve public opinion
Answer: a) It involves weighing the interests of different social groups
3. Ideas of Development
Q6. What is the key challenge in defining "development"?
a) It is difficult to measure economic progress
b) Different sections of people have different views on what development means
c) Only governments can define development
d) Development can only be measured in monetary terms
Answer: b) Different sections of people have different views on what development means
Q7. What was the common perception of development in the early years after Independence?
a) Becoming more like industrialized Western countries
b) Focusing only on rural development
c) Avoiding industrialization completely
d) Relying only on private sector investment
Answer: a) Becoming more like industrialized Western countries
4. Economic Models and Planning
Q8. Which two economic models were available to India after Independence?
a) Capitalist and Socialist models
b) Agricultural and Industrial models
c) Colonial and Feudal models
d) Western and Eastern models
Answer: a) Capitalist and Socialist models
Q9. Why did many Indian leaders favor the Soviet model of development?
a) The US did not offer support for India’s economic growth
b) The Soviet model showed rapid economic growth against odds
c) The British had already introduced socialism in India
d) It was the only available model at the time
Answer: b) The Soviet model showed rapid economic growth against odds
5. Planning and the Five-Year Plans
Q10. When was the Planning Commission set up?
a) 1947
b) 1950
c) 1952
d) 1961
Answer: b) 1950
Q11. What was the main role of the Planning Commission?
a) Implementing the Constitution
b) Advising the government on economic development plans
c) Controlling all businesses in India
d) Running state-owned industries
Answer: b) Advising the government on economic development plans
Q12. Which Five-Year Plan generated the most excitement in the country?
a) First Five-Year Plan
b) Second Five-Year Plan
c) Third Five-Year Plan
d) Fourth Five-Year Plan
Answer: b) Second Five-Year Plan
Q13. Why did India take a "plan holiday" after the Third Five-Year Plan?
a) The novelty of planning had declined
b) India was facing an economic crisis
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) The Planning Commission was dissolved
Answer: c) Both (a) and (b)
First Five Year Plan (1951–1956) - MCQs
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What was the primary objective of the First Five Year Plan?
a) Rapid industrialization
b) Economic liberalization
c) Agricultural development and poverty reduction
d) Privatization of public sector units
✔ Answer: c) Agricultural development and poverty reduction -
Who was the young economist involved in drafting the First Five Year Plan?
a) P. C. Mahalanobis
b) Amartya Sen
c) K. N. Raj
d) Manmohan Singh
✔ Answer: c) K. N. Raj -
Which major sector did the First Five Year Plan primarily focus on?
a) Heavy industries
b) Agriculture and irrigation
c) Information Technology
d) Banking and finance
✔ Answer: b) Agriculture and irrigation -
Which large-scale dam project received significant investment during the First Five Year Plan?
a) Sardar Sarovar Dam
b) Bhakra Nangal Dam
c) Hirakud Dam
d) Tehri Dam
✔ Answer: b) Bhakra Nangal Dam -
What was identified as the principal obstacle in the way of agricultural growth?
a) Lack of technology
b) Pattern of land distribution
c) Low population growth
d) Lack of industrialization
✔ Answer: b) Pattern of land distribution -
Why was increasing savings a challenge during the First Five Year Plan?
a) People spent too much money
b) The level of spending was already very low
c) There was high inflation
d) People did not trust banks
✔ Answer: b) The level of spending was already very low
Second Five Year Plan (1956–1961) - MCQs
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Who was the chief architect of the Second Five Year Plan?
a) K. N. Raj
b) P. C. Mahalanobis
c) B. R. Ambedkar
d) Jawaharlal Nehru
✔ Answer: b) P. C. Mahalanobis -
What was the main focus of the Second Five Year Plan?
a) Rural development
b) Heavy industrialization
c) Green Revolution
d) Foreign trade liberalization
✔ Answer: b) Heavy industrialization -
Which session of the Indian National Congress declared that the goal was a ‘socialist pattern of society’?
a) Lahore Session
b) Avadi Session
c) Nagpur Session
d) Bombay Session
✔ Answer: b) Avadi Session -
Why did the government impose substantial tariffs on imports during the Second Five Year Plan?
a) To reduce foreign trade
b) To promote exports
c) To protect domestic industries
d) To boost agriculture
✔ Answer: c) To protect domestic industries -
Which industries were primarily developed in the public sector under the Second Five Year Plan?
a) Textile and agriculture
b) Railways, steel, and electricity
c) Banking and insurance
d) Automobiles and software
✔ Answer: b) Railways, steel, and electricity -
What was one major problem faced during the Second Five Year Plan?
a) Low investment in industries
b) Excessive focus on agriculture
c) High dependency on foreign technology
d) Lack of government intervention
✔ Answer: c) High dependency on foreign technology
Third Five Year Plan (1961–1966) - MCQs
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What was one major criticism of the Third Five Year Plan?
a) It ignored heavy industries
b) It had an “urban bias”
c) It focused too much on agriculture
d) It discouraged private sector growth
✔ Answer: b) It had an “urban bias” -
Which sector was considered to be wrongly prioritized over agriculture during the Third Five Year Plan?
a) Education
b) Heavy industry
c) Service sector
d) Textile industry
✔ Answer: b) Heavy industry -
Some critics suggested that India should have focused more on which type of industries instead of heavy industries?
a) IT industries
b) Automobile industries
c) Agriculture-related industries
d) Banking and finance industries
✔ Answer: c) Agriculture-related industries
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