Friday, December 6, 2024

MCQs Political Science Part A HS 2nd year: Unit I The End of Bio-Polarity (English Medium)

 

The Berlin Wall and Disintegration of the USSR

  1. What year was the Berlin Wall built?
    a) 1949
    b) 1961
    c) 1985
    d) 1991
    Answer: b) 1961

  2. The Berlin Wall symbolized the division between which two systems?
    a) Democracy and monarchy
    b) Capitalism and socialism
    c) Capitalism and communism
    d) Communism and autocracy
    Answer: c) Capitalism and communism

  3. What event marked the end of the Cold War?
    a) Cuban Missile Crisis
    b) Fall of the Berlin Wall
    c) Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
    d) Independence of Central Asian Republics
    Answer: b) Fall of the Berlin Wall

  4. Which leader was associated with reforms in the USSR in 1985?
    a) Leonid Brezhnev
    b) Mikhail Gorbachev
    c) Nikita Khrushchev
    d) Boris Yeltsin
    Answer: b) Mikhail Gorbachev

  5. What does "glasnost" refer to in Gorbachev's reforms?
    a) Political openness
    b) Economic planning
    c) Rapid industrialization
    d) Military expansion
    Answer: a) Political openness

The Soviet System and Economy

  1. Which ideology dominated the Soviet political system?
    a) Liberalism
    b) Socialism
    c) Communism
    d) Capitalism
    Answer: c) Communism

  2. What was the dominant form of ownership in the Soviet system?
    a) Private
    b) Cooperative
    c) State-owned
    d) Mixed
    Answer: c) State-owned

  3. The Soviet Union's economy primarily failed due to:
    a) Lack of natural resources
    b) Economic stagnation and inefficiency
    c) Over-reliance on foreign aid
    d) Agricultural self-sufficiency
    Answer: b) Economic stagnation and inefficiency

  4. Which pact united the Soviet bloc militarily?
    a) Warsaw Pact
    b) NATO
    c) Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact
    d) Eurasian Treaty
    Answer: a) Warsaw Pact

  5. What was the primary cause of food shortages in the USSR?
    a) Population growth
    b) Decline in collective farming productivity
    c) Import bans
    d) Increased industrialization
    Answer: b) Decline in collective farming productivity

Leaders and Their Policies

  1. Who led the Soviet Union during its rapid industrialization?
    a) Lenin
    b) Stalin
    c) Khrushchev
    d) Gorbachev
    Answer: b) Stalin

  2. Which Soviet leader initiated the idea of "peaceful coexistence" with the West?
    a) Lenin
    b) Khrushchev
    c) Brezhnev
    d) Gorbachev
    Answer: b) Khrushchev

  3. What did "perestroika" signify in the USSR?
    a) Restructuring of the economy
    b) Military expansion
    c) Cultural renaissance
    d) Social repression
    Answer: a) Restructuring of the economy

  4. Who became the first elected President of Russia?
    a) Gorbachev
    b) Yeltsin
    c) Brezhnev
    d) Putin
    Answer: b) Yeltsin

  5. Which leader’s era is known for the Great Terror?
    a) Lenin
    b) Stalin
    c) Khrushchev
    d) Brezhnev
    Answer: b) Stalin

Causes of Disintegration

  1. Which event exacerbated the economic crisis in the USSR?
    a) Cuban Missile Crisis
    b) Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
    c) Fall of the Berlin Wall
    d) Establishment of NATO
    Answer: b) Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

  2. What year did the USSR officially disband?
    a) 1989
    b) 1990
    c) 1991
    d) 1992
    Answer: c) 1991

  3. Which three republics declared the disbandment of the USSR?
    a) Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine
    b) Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania
    c) Armenia, Georgia, and Moldova
    d) Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Kyrgyzstan
    Answer: a) Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine

  4. What was NOT a cause of the USSR’s disintegration?
    a) Economic stagnation
    b) Gorbachev's policies
    c) Military defeats in the Cold War
    d) Rise of nationalism in Soviet republics
    Answer: c) Military defeats in the Cold War

  5. Which republics showed the strongest nationalist dissatisfaction?
    a) Central Asian Republics
    b) Baltic States and Russia
    c) Eastern European countries
    d) Transcaucasian Republics
    Answer: b) Baltic States and Russia

Consequences of Disintegration

  1. What was a major outcome of the disintegration of the USSR?
    a) Strengthening of communism globally
    b) End of the Cold War
    c) Expansion of the Warsaw Pact
    d) Revival of the USSR
    Answer: b) End of the Cold War

  2. Which economic model became dominant after the USSR's collapse?
    a) Communism
    b) Capitalism
    c) Mixed economy
    d) Traditional economy
    Answer: b) Capitalism

  3. The collapse of the USSR led to the emergence of:
    a) 5 new countries
    b) 15 new countries
    c) 20 new countries
    d) 10 new countries
    Answer: b) 15 new countries

  4. Which organization replaced the USSR’s collective framework for some states?
    a) European Union
    b) NATO
    c) Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
    d) Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)
    Answer: c) Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

  5. Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the USSR's collapse?
    a) End of ideological conflict between communism and capitalism
    b) Creation of new international conflicts
    c) Emergence of new democracies
    d) Strengthening of Soviet-style socialism in Eastern Europe
    Answer: d) Strengthening of Soviet-style socialism in Eastern Europe

Post-Soviet Reforms and Shock Therapy

  1. What is “shock therapy” in the post-communist context?
    a) Sudden privatization of state-controlled industries
    b) Introduction of military reforms
    c) Implementation of collective farming
    d) Gradual transition to capitalism
    Answer: a) Sudden privatization of state-controlled industries

  2. Which institution primarily guided "shock therapy"?
    a) United Nations
    b) World Bank and IMF
    c) NATO
    d) European Union
    Answer: b) World Bank and IMF

  3. What was the result of "shock therapy" in Russia?
    a) Economic prosperity
    b) Strengthened collective farming
    c) Collapse of industries and inflation
    d) Reduction in poverty
    Answer: c) Collapse of industries and inflation

  4. What led to the emergence of the mafia in post-Soviet states?
    a) Authoritarian governance
    b) Privatization and economic disparity
    c) Military reforms
    d) Increased foreign investment
    Answer: b) Privatization and economic disparity

  5. The phrase “largest garage sale in history” refers to:
    a) The selling off of Soviet-era industries at undervalued prices
    b) Auctions of military assets by NATO
    c) Trade of Russian natural resources
    d) Privatization of agricultural land
    Answer: a) The selling off of Soviet-era industries at undervalued prices

Nationalism and Conflicts

  1. Which region of the former USSR witnessed significant secessionist movements?
    a) Central Asia
    b) Chechnya and Dagestan
    c) Baltic States
    d) Eastern Europe
    Answer: b) Chechnya and Dagestan

  2. The peaceful division of Czechoslovakia resulted in the formation of:
    a) Slovakia and Ukraine
    b) Slovakia and Czech Republic
    c) Czech Republic and Hungary
    d) Czech Republic and Poland
    Answer: b) Slovakia and Czech Republic

  3. Which former Yugoslav region saw inter-ethnic civil war and NATO intervention?
    a) Bosnia and Herzegovina
    b) Croatia
    c) Slovenia
    d) Serbia
    Answer: a) Bosnia and Herzegovina

  4. What resource brought economic benefit to the Central Asian Republics?
    a) Coal
    b) Gold
    c) Hydrocarbons
    d) Agricultural exports
    Answer: c) Hydrocarbons

  5. Which country experienced a civil war in the Nagorno-Karabakh region?
    a) Georgia
    b) Armenia
    c) Azerbaijan
    d) Kazakhstan
    Answer: c) Azerbaijan

Indo-Russian Relations

  1. Which country remains India’s strongest ally among post-Soviet states?
    a) Ukraine
    b) Belarus
    c) Russia
    d) Georgia
    Answer: c) Russia

  2. India and the USSR had strong cooperation in which sectors during the Cold War?
    a) Agriculture and culture
    b) Military, economy, and culture
    c) Politics and religion
    d) Education and tourism
    Answer: b) Military, economy, and culture

  3. What was a key element of the Indo-Russian Strategic Agreement of 2001?
    a) Trade in Indian rupees
    b) Space and energy cooperation
    c) NATO alignment
    d) Privatization of Indian industries
    Answer: b) Space and energy cooperation

  4. During the Cold War, the USSR supported India in which major international issue?
    a) Kashmir dispute
    b) Sino-Indian conflict
    c) Bangladesh Liberation War
    d) All of the above
    Answer: d) All of the above

  5. Which Indian cultural medium became immensely popular in Soviet countries?
    a) Literature
    b) Bollywood films and music
    c) Traditional dance forms
    d) Cuisine
    Answer: b) Bollywood films and music


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