Questions & Answers HS (11th & 12th) : MCQ Physics Chapter–3: Motion in a Straight Line, HS 1st year

1. Which of the following describes motion?

a) Change in position of an object with respect to time
b) Object remaining stationary
c) A process unrelated to time
d) None of the above
Answer: a

2. In rectilinear motion with uniform acceleration, which equation relates initial velocity, final velocity, and acceleration?

a) $v = u + at$
b) $v^2 = u^2 + 2as$
c) $s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2$
d) All of the above
Answer: d

3. What is the SI unit of acceleration?

a) $\text{m/s}$
b) $\text{m/s}^2$
c) $\text{km/h}$
d) $\text{km/s}^2$
Answer: b

4. Instantaneous velocity is determined by:

a) The slope of the tangent on the position-time graph at a given instant
b) The average velocity over a time interval
c) The total distance divided by total time
d) None of the above
Answer: a

5. If the velocity of an object is zero at an instant, its acceleration must be:

a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Zero
d) Not necessarily zero
Answer: d

6. For an object in free fall (neglecting air resistance), which statement is true?

a) Acceleration remains constant and equals $g$
b) Velocity is constant
c) Displacement remains constant
d) Both acceleration and velocity are constant
Answer: a

7. Which graph represents a motion with positive acceleration?

a) Position-time graph curving upward
b) Position-time graph curving downward
c) Straight line on velocity-time graph parallel to time axis
d) None of the above
Answer: a

8. What is the average acceleration if a car's velocity changes from 20 m/s to 10 m/s in 5 seconds?

a) $-2 \, \text{m/s}^2$
b) $2 \, \text{m/s}^2$
c) $5 \, \text{m/s}^2$
d) $-5 \, \text{m/s}^2$
Answer: a

9. Which kinematic equation helps find displacement when acceleration is uniform?

a) $v = u + at$
b) $s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2$
c) $v^2 = u^2 + 2as$
d) None of the above
Answer: b

10. For a body moving with constant velocity:

a) Acceleration is zero
b) Displacement is proportional to time
c) Velocity-time graph is a horizontal line
d) All of the above
Answer: d

11. A car moving along a straight highway at 126 km/h comes to a stop over a distance of 200 m. What is the magnitude of its acceleration (assumed uniform)?

a) $1.5 \, \text{m/s}^2$
b) $-3.5 \, \text{m/s}^2$
c) $-1.75 \, \text{m/s}^2$
d) $-2.45 \, \text{m/s}^2$
Answer: d

12. Which of the following represents the relationship between displacement ( $x$ ) and average velocity ( $v$ ) for motion with constant acceleration?

a) $x = v_0t + \frac{1}{2}at^2$
b) $v = u + at$
c) $v^2 = u^2 + 2ax$
d) $v = \frac{x}{t}$
Answer: a

13. The area under a velocity-time graph represents:

a) Acceleration
b) Displacement
c) Velocity
d) Change in speed
Answer: b

14. A ball is thrown vertically upward with an initial speed of $29.4 \, \text{m/s}$ . What is its velocity at the highest point of motion?

a) $0 \, \text{m/s}$
b) $9.8 \, \text{m/s}$ upward
c) $-9.8 \, \text{m/s}$
d) Cannot be determined
Answer: a

15. For an object undergoing uniformly accelerated motion, the graph of position versus time is:

a) A straight line
b) A parabola
c) A hyperbola
d) Exponential
Answer: b

16. Relative velocity of two objects moving in opposite directions with speeds $u_1$ and $u_2$ is:

a) $u_1 + u_2$
b) $|u_1 - u_2|$
c) $u_1 - u_2$
d) None of the above
Answer: a

17. What does the slope of a velocity-time graph represent?

a) Velocity
b) Acceleration
c) Displacement
d) Speed
Answer: b

18. Which statement is true for free-fall motion?

a) The direction of acceleration changes when the object moves upward.
b) The acceleration is always downward and equals $g$ .
c) The velocity of the object remains constant.
d) Both a and c.
Answer: b

19. A particle is moving with constant speed in a circular path. Its acceleration is:

a) Zero
b) Constant in magnitude, directed toward the center of the circle
c) Constant in magnitude, directed tangentially to the path
d) Varying in magnitude
Answer: b

20. A train travels 60 km at 30 km/h and another 60 km at 60 km/h. What is its average speed for the entire journey?

a) 45 km/h
b) 40 km/h
c) 36 km/h
d) 48 km/h
Answer: c

21. What is the instantaneous acceleration of an object at a given time?

a) The slope of the velocity-time graph at that time
b) The area under the velocity-time graph at that time
c) The slope of the position-time graph at that time
d) The area under the position-time graph at that time
Answer: a

22. A body moves with a uniform velocity. Which statement is correct?

a) Its acceleration is non-zero.
b) The displacement is proportional to the square of the time.
c) The displacement is proportional to time.
d) The velocity-time graph has a positive slope.
Answer: c

23. Which of the following can not represent a one-dimensional motion?

a) Position-time graph curving upwards
b) Velocity-time graph with a horizontal line
c) Position-time graph with a sharp corner
d) Velocity-time graph with a negative slope
Answer: c

24. When a ball is thrown vertically upward, the acceleration during its motion:

a) Is zero at the highest point
b) Is directed upward during the ascent and downward during the descent
c) Remains constant and directed downward
d) Changes in magnitude throughout the motion
Answer: c

25. What is the relationship between average speed and instantaneous speed?

a) Instantaneous speed is always greater than average speed.
b) Instantaneous speed is equal to average speed if the speed is constant.
c) Average speed is always less than instantaneous speed.
d) Average speed and instantaneous speed are unrelated.
Answer: b

26. A car travels at $30 \, \text{km/h}$ for 2 hours and $60 \, \text{km/h}$ for the next 2 hours. What is the average speed for the journey?

a) $40 \, \text{km/h}$
b) $45 \, \text{km/h}$
c) $50 \, \text{km/h}$
d) $30 \, \text{km/h}$
Answer: b

27. If the velocity of a body changes from $20 \, \text{m/s}$ to $40 \, \text{m/s}$ in $4 \, \text{seconds}$ , what is the acceleration?

a) $4 \, \text{m/s}^2$
b) $5 \, \text{m/s}^2$
c) $10 \, \text{m/s}^2$
d) $8 \, \text{m/s}^2$
Answer: a

28. What does the equation $v^2 = u^2 + 2as$ represent?

a) Relationship between velocity, displacement, and acceleration
b) Equation for uniform motion
c) Newton’s second law of motion
d) Relationship between velocity, force, and acceleration
Answer: a

29. For an object under free fall from rest, the distance covered in the first $2 \, \text{s}$ is:

(Take $g = 10 \, \text{m/s}^2$ )
a) $10 \, \text{m}$
b) $20 \, \text{m}$
c) $40 \, \text{m}$
d) $80 \, \text{m}$
Answer: b

30. Which of the following is true for uniform circular motion?

a) The velocity is constant.
b) The acceleration is directed radially outward.
c) The speed is constant, but the velocity changes.
d) Both speed and velocity remain constant.
Answer: c

31. A car traveling at $20 \, \text{m/s}$ stops in $4 \, \text{s}$ under uniform retardation. What is the stopping distance?

a) $40 \, \text{m}$
b) $80 \, \text{m}$
c) $20 \, \text{m}$
d) $100 \, \text{m}$
Answer: b

32. The ratio of distances covered by a freely falling object in the first, second, and third seconds of its motion is:

a) $1:2:3$
b) $1:3:5$
c) $1:4:9$
d) $1:5:9$
Answer: b

33. If a graph of position vs. time is a straight line, which of the following is true?

a) The object is at rest.
b) The object has uniform acceleration.
c) The object has uniform velocity.
d) The velocity is increasing.
Answer: c

34. A bullet fired from a gun moves with constant velocity. Which force is acting on it after it leaves the gun barrel (neglect air resistance)?

a) Gravity only
b) Gravity and air resistance
c) Frictional force
d) No force
Answer: a

35. A ball is dropped from a height $h$ . What is the velocity of the ball just before it hits the ground? (Neglect air resistance.)

a) $\sqrt{2gh}$
b) $gh$
c) $\frac{h}{g}$
d) $\frac{g}{h}$
Answer: a

36. If the acceleration of a particle is zero, then:

a) Its velocity is zero.
b) Its velocity is constant.
c) Its displacement is zero.
d) Its speed is increasing.
Answer: b

37. A graph of acceleration vs. time for uniform motion is:

a) A straight line parallel to the time axis at zero acceleration.
b) A straight line with a positive slope.
c) A curve sloping upwards.
d) A straight line parallel to the time axis at non-zero acceleration.
Answer: a

38. What is the magnitude of the relative velocity of two cars moving parallel in the same direction at 60 km/h and 80 km/h?

a) $20 \, \text{km/h}$
b) $140 \, \text{km/h}$
c) $60 \, \text{km/h}$
d) $80 \, \text{km/h}$
Answer: a

39. Which kinematic equation is best suited to find the time of flight for an object launched vertically upward?

a) $v = u + at$
b) $s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2$
c) $v^2 = u^2 + 2as$
d) $a = \frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t}$
Answer: a

40. For an object undergoing free fall from a height $h$ , the time taken to reach the ground is:

a) $\sqrt{\frac{2h}{g}}$
b) $\sqrt{\frac{g}{2h}}$
c) $\frac{h}{g}$
d) $2gh$
Answer: a

41. What is the velocity of an object at the highest point of projectile motion in the vertical direction?

a) Maximum
b) Zero
c) Equal to initial velocity
d) Equal to acceleration due to gravity
Answer: b

42. A ball thrown vertically upwards returns to the thrower’s hand after 4 seconds. What is its initial velocity? (Take $g = 10 \, \text{m/s}^2$ )

a) $20 \, \text{m/s}$
b) $10 \, \text{m/s}$
c) $40 \, \text{m/s}$
d) $25 \, \text{m/s}$
Answer: a

43. What is the acceleration of an object moving in a circular path at a constant speed?

a) Zero
b) Radial and constant in magnitude
c) Tangential and constant in magnitude
d) Radial and increasing in magnitude
Answer: b

44. A particle moving in one dimension starts from rest. If it travels a distance $x$ in time $t$ , under uniform acceleration, the acceleration is:

a) $\frac{x}{t^2}$
b) $\frac{2x}{t^2}$
c) $\frac{t^2}{x}$
d) $\frac{x^2}{t}$
Answer: b

45. Which of the following quantities can have a negative value for a moving object?

a) Speed
b) Distance
c) Displacement
d) Time
Answer: c

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- Example:
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  b) Kilogram
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  d) Watt
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Kinematics
- Example:
  Q: A particle moves in a straight line with uniform acceleration. If its initial velocity is 5 m/s, acceleration is 2 m/s², and time is 3 seconds, what is the final velocity?
  a) 5 m/s
  b) 11 m/s
  c) 10 m/s
  d) 20 m/s
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- Example:
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  b) Law of Inertia
  c) Law of Gravitation
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  c) 90°
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- Example:
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Sunday, November 17, 2024

MCQ Physics Chapter–3: Motion in a Straight Line, HS 1st year