MCQ Physics Chapter 8: GRAVITATION, HS 1st Year

 

1. Who proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system?

• A) Ptolemy
• B) Galileo
• C) Copernicus
• D) Kepler
• Answer: C) Copernicus

2. What shape are the planetary orbits according to Kepler's First Law?

• A) Circular
• B) Elliptical
• C) Parabolic
• D) Hyperbolic
• Answer: B) Elliptical

3. Which law states that the line joining a planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal time intervals?

• A) Law of Orbits
• B) Law of Periods
• C) Law of Areas
• D) Universal Law of Gravitation
• Answer: C) Law of Areas

4. The universal gravitational constant (G) has the value:

• A) $9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2$
• B) $6.67 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{N·m}^2/\text{kg}^2$
• C) $3.00 \times 10^8 \, \text{m/s}$
• D) $1.62 \, \text{m/s}^2$
• Answer: B) $6.67 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{N·m}^2/\text{kg}^2$

5. What is the escape speed from the surface of the Earth?

• A) $11.2 \, \text{km/s}$
• B) $7.8 \, \text{km/s}$
• C) $2.3 \, \text{km/s}$
• D) $9.8 \, \text{km/s}$
• Answer: A) $11.2 \, \text{km/s}$

6. According to Newton's Law of Gravitation, the force between two masses is:

• A) Directly proportional to the square of the distance between them
• B) Inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
• C) Independent of their masses
• D) Equal to the product of their masses and the square of their distance
• Answer: B) Inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

7. What is the term for the closest point in a planet's orbit to the Sun?

• A) Aphelion
• B) Perihelion
• C) Focal Point
• D) Ecliptic
• Answer: B) Perihelion

8. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of Kepler’s laws?

• A) Planets closer to the Sun orbit faster than those farther away
• B) Planets move in circular orbits around the Sun
• C) The square of the orbital period is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis
• D) Equal areas are swept in equal time intervals
• Answer: B) Planets move in circular orbits around the Sun

9. What is the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth?

• A) $9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2$
• B) $11.2 \, \text{m/s}^2$
• C) $6.67 \, \text{m/s}^2$
• D) $7.8 \, \text{m/s}^2$
• Answer: A) $9.8 \, \text{m/s}^2$

10. Which physical principle explains Kepler’s Second Law?

• A) Conservation of Linear Momentum
• B) Conservation of Energy
• C) Conservation of Angular Momentum
• D) Conservation of Mass
• Answer: C) Conservation of Angular Momentum

11. The gravitational potential energy $U$ of two masses separated by a distance $r$ is given by:

• A) $U = G \frac{m_1 m_2}{r}$
• B) $U = -G \frac{m_1 m_2}{r}$
• C) $U = G \frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2}$
• D) $U = -G \frac{m_1 m_2}{r^2}$
• Answer: B) $U = -G \frac{m_1 m_2}{r}$

12. The value of the gravitational acceleration $g$ at a height $h$ above the Earth’s surface decreases by a factor of:

• A) $(1 + h/R_E)^2$
• B) $(1 - h/R_E)^2$
• C) $(1 - 2h/R_E)$
• D) $(1 + 2h/R_E)$
• Answer: A) $(1 + h/R_E)^2$

13. Which phenomenon explains why astronauts in orbit experience weightlessness?

• A) Lack of gravitational force in space
• B) Distance from the Earth reduces gravity to zero
• C) They are in a constant state of free fall
• D) Gravity is balanced by centrifugal force
• Answer: C) They are in a constant state of free fall

14. Kepler’s Third Law states that the square of the orbital period of a planet is proportional to:

• A) The semi-major axis of its orbit
• B) The square of the semi-major axis of its orbit
• C) The cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit
• D) The fourth power of the semi-major axis of its orbit
• Answer: C) The cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit

15. What is the gravitational force inside a hollow spherical shell of uniform mass density?

• A) Zero everywhere inside the shell
• B) Maximum at the center of the shell
• C) Decreases linearly with distance from the center
• D) Proportional to the square of the radius
• Answer: A) Zero everywhere inside the shell

16. The gravitational force on a mass at depth $d$ below the Earth's surface is proportional to:

• A) $(R_E - d)^2$
• B) $(R_E - d)^3$
• C) $(R_E - d)$
• D) $R_E^2 - d^2$
• Answer: C) $(R_E - d)$

17. The orbital speed $v$ of a satellite close to the Earth’s surface is approximately:

• A) $\sqrt{gR_E}$
• B) $\sqrt{2gR_E}$
• C) $gR_E$
• D) $g^2R_E^2$
• Answer: A) $\sqrt{gR_E}$

18. The time period of a satellite in a circular orbit close to Earth’s surface is approximately:

• A) 60 minutes
• B) 85 minutes
• C) 100 minutes
• D) 24 hours
• Answer: B) 85 minutes

19. If the escape speed from Earth is $v_e$, the escape speed from a planet with double the Earth's mass and the same radius will be:

• A) $v_e$
• B) $\sqrt{2}v_e$
• C) $2v_e$
• D) $v_e/\sqrt{2}$
• Answer: B) $\sqrt{2}v_e$

20. What happens to the total energy of a satellite as its orbit changes from circular to elliptical?

• A) Remains constant
• B) Becomes zero
• C) Becomes positive
• D) Keeps decreasing
• Answer: A) Remains constant

MCQ Physics for Class 11 with Answers: Boost Your Preparation

Looking for MCQ Physics for Class 11 with answers? You’ve come to the right place! Mastering multiple-choice questions is essential for acing your exams and strengthening your understanding of physics concepts. Here, we provide a comprehensive collection of MCQs from various chapters in Class 11 Physics, designed to help students practice effectively and excel in their studies.

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Why Are MCQs Important in Physics?

• Quick Revision: MCQs cover key topics concisely, making them perfect for last-minute prep.
• Concept Clarity: Attempting MCQs ensures you understand fundamental concepts.
• Exam Readiness: Most competitive exams like NEET, JEE, and others include Physics MCQs.

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Class 11 Physics MCQ Topics Covered

We’ve curated MCQs from the following critical chapters in the Class 11 Physics syllabus:

1. Physical World and Measurement

   • Example:
     Q: Which of the following is a fundamental unit in physics?
     a) Newton
     b) Kilogram
     c) Joule
     d) Watt
     Answer: b) Kilogram

2. Kinematics

   • Example:
     Q: A particle moves in a straight line with uniform acceleration. If its initial velocity is 5 m/s, acceleration is 2 m/s², and time is 3 seconds, what is the final velocity?
     a) 5 m/s
     b) 11 m/s
     c) 10 m/s
     d) 20 m/s
     Answer: d) 20 m/s

3. Laws of Motion

   • Example:
     Q: Newton’s first law is also known as:
     a) Law of Acceleration
     b) Law of Inertia
     c) Law of Gravitation
     d) None of these
     Answer: b) Law of Inertia

4. Work, Energy, and Power

   • Example:
     Q: The work done by a force is zero when the angle between force and displacement is:
     a) 0°
     b) 45°
     c) 90°
     d) 180°
     Answer: c) 90°

5. Gravitation

   • Example:
     Q: The value of acceleration due to gravity on the surface of Earth is approximately:
     a) 8.9 m/s²
     b) 9.8 m/s²
     c) 10.8 m/s²
     d) 11.8 m/s²
     Answer: b) 9.8 m/s²

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Benefits of Practicing Class 11 Physics MCQs

1. Understand Concepts Better: Solve real-life application-based problems.
2. Time Management: Learn to solve questions faster under exam conditions.
3. Boost Confidence: Build the confidence to face competitive exams.

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Pro Tips for Solving Physics MCQs

• Read the Question Carefully: Avoid making assumptions before fully reading.
• Practice Regularly: Consistency is key to mastering Physics MCQs.
• Understand Formulas: Memorize and apply the formulas correctly.
• Eliminate Wrong Options: Narrow down choices using logic.

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Start solving these MCQs for Class 11 Physics and get ready to achieve excellent results in your exams! Bookmark this page for regular updates on practice questions and their solutions.

FAQs

1. Are these MCQs suitable for NEET or JEE aspirants?
   Yes, they are tailored to align with the syllabus of major competitive exams.
2. Where can I download PDF versions?
   Stay tuned! A downloadable PDF link will be available soon.

Happy Learning! 🚀