MCQ Chemistry Unit 1: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry, HS 1st year (with Chapter Summery in Bengali)

 

MCQs from "Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry"

1. Which of the following is the definition of chemistry?

   • A. The study of planets and celestial bodies
   • B. The science of molecules and their transformations
   • C. The analysis of cultural history
   • D. The science of plant growth
   • Answer: B

2. What was the primary focus of early alchemical traditions?

   • A. Developing new metals
   • B. Discovering the Philosopher's Stone and Elixir of Life
   • C. Understanding atomic structure
   • D. Creating advanced technologies
   • Answer: B

3. Which of these statements about the states of matter is correct?

   • A. Solids have a definite shape and volume.
   • B. Liquids have neither definite shape nor volume.
   • C. Gases have definite shape and volume.
   • D. Liquids have a fixed shape.
   • Answer: A

4. The law of conservation of mass was proposed by:

   • A. John Dalton
   • B. Joseph Proust
   • C. Antoine Lavoisier
   • D. Gay Lussac
   • Answer: C

5. According to Avogadro's law, equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain:

   • A. Different numbers of molecules
   • B. Equal numbers of molecules
   • C. Different types of molecules
   • D. Equal masses of molecules
   • Answer: B

6. The SI unit of luminous intensity is:

   • A. Ampere
   • B. Mole
   • C. Candela
   • D. Kelvin
   • Answer: C

7. Which substance is considered a pure compound?

   • A. Air
   • B. Sugar solution
   • C. Glucose
   • D. Sand
   • Answer: C

8. Who was the first to propose the atomic theory in India?

   • A. Nagarjuna
   • B. Charaka
   • C. Acharya Kanda
   • D. Varāhamihira
   • Answer: C

9. What is the mass of one mole of a substance called?

   • A. Atomic mass
   • B. Molecular mass
   • C. Formula mass
   • D. Molar mass
   • Answer: D

10. What is the empirical formula for a compound with 4.07% hydrogen, 24.27% carbon, and 71.65% chlorine by mass?

• A. CH2Cl
• B. C2H5Cl
• C. CHCl
• D. C2HCl3
• Answer: A

1. Which branch of science studies the properties, structure, and reactions of material substances?

   • A. Biology
   • B. Chemistry
   • C. Physics
   • D. Geology
   • Answer: B

2. In which period did modern chemistry take shape in Europe?

   • A. 13th Century
   • B. 16th Century
   • C. 18th Century
   • D. 20th Century
   • Answer: C

3. What is the oldest Ayurvedic epic of India?

   • A. Charaka Samhita
   • B. Brihat Samhita
   • C. Arthashastra
   • D. Sushruta Samhita
   • Answer: A

4. Which metal was used by Harappans to improve the hardness of copper?

   • A. Zinc
   • B. Tin
   • C. Lead
   • D. Arsenic
   • Answer: B

5. What is the SI base unit of electric current?

   • A. Volt
   • B. Ampere
   • C. Coulomb
   • D. Ohm
   • Answer: B

6. Which law states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed?

   • A. Law of Definite Proportions
   • B. Law of Conservation of Mass
   • C. Law of Multiple Proportions
   • D. Avogadro’s Law
   • Answer: B

7. Who proposed the Law of Definite Proportions?

   • A. Dalton
   • B. Joseph Proust
   • C. Avogadro
   • D. Gay Lussac
   • Answer: B

8. What is the fixed numerical value of Avogadro’s constant?

   • A. $6.022 \times 10^{23}$
   • B. $3.14 \times 10^3$
   • C. $9.81 \times 10^{-1}$
   • D. $1.38 \times 10^{-23}$
   • Answer: A

9. Which of the following is an example of a homogeneous mixture?

   • A. Oil and water
   • B. Sugar solution
   • C. Sand and iron filings
   • D. Mud
   • Answer: B

10. What is the base SI unit for temperature?

    • A. Celsius
    • B. Fahrenheit
    • C. Kelvin
    • D. Joule
    • Answer: C

---

11. What is the physical state of water at 100°C and 1 atm pressure?

    • A. Solid
    • B. Liquid
    • C. Gas
    • D. Plasma
    • Answer: C

12. Who introduced the mole as the SI unit for the amount of substance?

    • A. Lavoisier
    • B. Dalton
    • C. Avogadro
    • D. Cannizzaro
    • Answer: C

13. What is the molecular mass of water?

    • A. 16.00 u
    • B. 18.02 u
    • C. 12.01 u
    • D. 28.02 u
    • Answer: B

14. What does the term "Rasayan Shastra" refer to in ancient India?

    • A. Chemistry
    • B. Medicine
    • C. Metallurgy
    • D. Astronomy
    • Answer: A

15. What is the SI base unit of luminous intensity?

    • A. Mole
    • B. Kelvin
    • C. Candela
    • D. Lumen
    • Answer: C

16. What does 1 mole of a substance contain?

    • A. $6.022 \times 10^{23}$ atoms
    • B. $6.022 \times 10^{23}$ molecules
    • C. Both A and B
    • D. None of the above
    • Answer: C

17. What is the empirical formula of glucose (C6H12O6)?

    • A. CHO
    • B. CH2O
    • C. C2H4O2
    • D. C3H6O3
    • Answer: B

18. Which element is the basis of the modern system of atomic masses?

    • A. Hydrogen
    • B. Oxygen
    • C. Carbon-12
    • D. Nitrogen
    • Answer: C

19. Which scientist proposed the atomic theory in 1808?

    • A. Democritus
    • B. Lavoisier
    • C. Dalton
    • D. Rutherford
    • Answer: C

20. What is the primary unit used to measure the volume of a liquid in a laboratory?

    • A. Litre
    • B. Gram
    • C. Kelvin
    • D. Newton
    • Answer: A

---

21. Which of the following is not a physical property of a substance?

    • A. Colour
    • B. Boiling point
    • C. Combustibility
    • D. Melting point
    • Answer: C

22. The atomic mass unit (amu) is now replaced by which term?

    • A. Dalton
    • B. Unified mass (u)
    • C. Mole
    • D. Kilogram
    • Answer: B

23. Which device is commonly used to measure the mass of a substance in a laboratory?

    • A. Volumetric flask
    • B. Analytical balance
    • C. Burette
    • D. Thermometer
    • Answer: B

24. What is the molecular mass of methane (CH4)?

    • A. 14.00 u
    • B. 16.04 u
    • C. 12.01 u
    • D. 18.02 u
    • Answer: B

25. Which law explains the whole-number ratios in volumes of gases?

    • A. Law of Definite Proportions
    • B. Gay-Lussac’s Law
    • C. Dalton’s Law
    • D. Avogadro’s Law
    • Answer: B

---

26. Which gas law is explained using Avogadro's hypothesis?

    • A. Boyle’s Law
    • B. Charles’s Law
    • C. Gay-Lussac’s Law
    • D. Ideal Gas Law
    • Answer: D

27. Who is credited with discovering mercury sulphide?

    • A. Nagarjuna
    • B. Chakrapani
    • C. Varāhamihira
    • D. Charaka
    • Answer: B

28. What was the first element discovered as a part of atomic theory in India?

    • A. Oxygen
    • B. Paramāṇu (atom)
    • C. Hydrogen
    • D. Nitrogen
    • Answer: B

29. Which of the following elements was used to prepare firecrackers in ancient India?

    • A. Potassium nitrate
    • B. Sodium chloride
    • C. Calcium carbonate
    • D. Sulfuric acid
    • Answer: A

30. The law of multiple proportions is credited to which scientist?

    • A. Dalton
    • B. Proust
    • C. Lavoisier
    • D. Avogadro
    • Answer: A

---

31. What does "molar mass" represent?

    • A. Mass of one atom
    • B. Mass of one molecule
    • C. Mass of one mole of a substance
    • D. Mass of one ion
    • Answer: C

32. What is the SI unit for mass?

    • A. Kilogram
    • B. Gram
    • C. Mole
    • D. Newton
    • Answer: A

33. Which process was well-known in ancient India for making alcohol?

    • A. Distillation
    • B. Fermentation
    • C. Sublimation
    • D. Electrolysis
    • Answer: B

34. The golden gloss of black-polished ware in northern India is an example of:

    • A. Advanced metallurgy
    • B. Controlled kiln temperatures
    • C. Alchemy
    • D. Dyeing techniques
    • Answer: B

35. The "Charaka Samhita" describes which concept related to metals?

    • A. Synthesis of acids
    • B. Atomic theory
    • C. Reduction of particle size
    • D. Properties of alloys
    • Answer: C

36. What is the molecular mass of glucose (C6H12O6)?

    • A. 120.0 u
    • B. 180.2 u
    • C. 100.2 u
    • D. 160.0 u
    • Answer: B

37. Who suggested that matter is made up of indivisible particles called atoms?

    • A. Kanda
    • B. Dalton
    • C. Democritus
    • D. Lavoisier
    • Answer: C

38. What type of chemical bonding occurs in sodium chloride?

    • A. Metallic
    • B. Ionic
    • C. Covalent
    • D. Hydrogen bonding
    • Answer: B

39. The molecular formula is always a multiple of the:

    • A. Isotope mass
    • B. Average atomic mass
    • C. Empirical formula
    • D. Ionic formula
    • Answer: C

40. What is the significance of Avogadro’s constant?

• A. Number of molecules in 1 liter of gas
• B. Number of atoms in 1 mole of substance
• C. Number of molecules in 1 gram of substance
• D. Volume of gas at STP
• Answer: B

Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

১. রসায়নের বিকাশ

• প্রাচীন ভারতীয় রসায়ন:
  • রসায়নের ইতিহাস প্রাচীন এবং এটি প্রাথমিকভাবে ধাতু প্রস্তুতি, ওষুধ, প্রসাধনী এবং কাচ তৈরিতে ব্যবহৃত হত।
  • মোহেঞ্জোদারো ও হরপ্পার আবিষ্কারে পোড়ামাটির তৈজস, ধাতুর নানান আকৃতির বস্তু এবং ফায়েন্স (গ্লাসের এক প্রকার) প্রাপ্তি ঘটেছে।

২. রসায়নের গুরুত্ব

• কৃষি, খাদ্য, স্বাস্থ্যসেবা, শিল্প ও পরিবেশ সংরক্ষণে রসায়নের অবদান অপরিসীম।
• পরিবেশের ক্ষতিকর উপাদান, যেমন সিএফসি, পরিবর্তে নিরাপদ উপাদান উদ্ভাবন করা হয়েছে।

৩. পদার্থের প্রকৃতি

• পদার্থ স্থান দখল করে ও ভরযুক্ত। এটি কঠিন, তরল ও গ্যাসীয় অবস্থায় পাওয়া যায়।
• মিশ্রণকে দুটি ভাগে ভাগ করা যায়: সমসত্ত্ব ও অসমসত্ত্ব।

৪. রাসায়নিক সংযোজনের নিয়ম

• ভরের সংরক্ষণ আইন: রাসায়নিক বিক্রিয়ায় ভর ধ্রুবক থাকে।
• নির্দিষ্ট অনুপাতের আইন: যৌগে প্রতিটি উপাদান নির্দিষ্ট ভর অনুপাতে থাকে।
• গ্যাসীয় আয়তনের আইন: গ্যাসের আয়তনগুলো সরল পূর্ণসংখ্যার অনুপাতে যুক্ত হয়।

৫. পরমাণু ও অণুর ভর

• পরমাণুর ভর: এটি কার্বন-১২ কে ভিত্তি ধরে নির্ধারিত।
• অণুর ভর: অণুর মধ্যে থাকা পরমাণুর ভর যোগফল।

৬. স্টয়কিওমেট্রি এবং গণনা

• রাসায়নিক বিক্রিয়ার মাধ্যমে প্রতিক্রিয়ক ও উৎপন্ন পদার্থের পরিমাণ নির্ণয়।
• সীমাবদ্ধ বিকারক: যে উপাদানটি প্রথম শেষ হয়, তা বিক্রিয়াকে সীমাবদ্ধ করে।

৭. গণনাগুলি

• গণনা পদ্ধতি: গাণিতিক প্রক্রিয়ার মাধ্যমে রাসায়নিক উপাদানগুলির গুণগত ও পরিমাণগত বিশ্লেষণ।

যদি কোনো নির্দিষ্ট বিষয় নিয়ে বিস্তারিত জানতে চান, আমাকে জানান।

MCQs for NEET, JEE, IIT, NIT, CUET, CTET, and SSC Entrance Exams: Your Ultimate Preparation Guide

Are you preparing for competitive exams like NEET, JEE, IIT, NIT, CUET, CTET, or SSC? Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) are a proven way to enhance your preparation strategy. These MCQs are designed to strengthen your concepts, boost problem-solving skills, and improve time management—key elements to ace any entrance exam.

Why MCQs Are Essential for Competitive Exams?

1. Concept Clarity: MCQs cover important topics, ensuring a deep understanding of fundamental concepts.
2. Time Management: Practicing MCQs improves speed and accuracy, essential for high-stakes exams.
3. Exam Pattern Familiarity: MCQs simulate the real exam pattern, helping you feel confident on the big day.

Benefits of Using These MCQs for NEET, JEE, IIT, and More

• Targeted Preparation: Specially curated MCQs focus on the specific syllabus of exams like NEET, JEE, and CUET, making your study focused and efficient.
• Wide Subject Coverage: Includes questions from Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Biology, and more.
• Boosts Competitive Edge: High-quality MCQs ensure you're ready to tackle even the trickiest questions.

Exams These MCQs Help With:

• NEET: For aspiring medical students.
• JEE & IIT: For engineering and technical aspirants.
• NIT Admissions: A stepping stone to prestigious National Institutes of Technology.
• CUET: Common University Entrance Test for undergraduate programs.
• CTET: A mandatory test for teachers.
• SSC: Government job aspirants preparing for SSC exams.

Pro Tips to Use MCQs Effectively:

1. Regular Practice: Dedicate time daily to solve topic-wise MCQs.
2. Review and Revise: Go through solutions and explanations to understand your mistakes.
3. Mock Tests: Attempt full-length MCQ tests to build exam stamina.

Get Started Now!

Our extensive MCQ collections are tailored to help you succeed in NEET, JEE, IIT, NIT, CUET, CTET, and SSC. Start practicing today and take a step closer to your dream career. Bookmark this page and share it with fellow aspirants.

Tags:

MCQs for NEET, JEE MCQs, IIT preparation, CUET questions, CTET practice, SSC MCQs, competitive exam tips, entrance exam success.

Make your preparation smarter, not harder. Let these MCQs guide your way to success!