MCQ Biology Chapter 18: NEURAL CONTROL AND COORDINATION, HS 1st year

 

1. Which two systems coordinate and integrate the activities of the human body's organs?
   a) Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
   b) Endocrine and Digestive Systems
   c) Neural and Endocrine Systems
   d) Muscular and Skeletal Systems
   Answer: c) Neural and Endocrine Systems

2. What are the two main divisions of the human neural system?
   a) Forebrain and Hindbrain
   b) Central Neural System (CNS) and Peripheral Neural System (PNS)
   c) Somatic and Autonomic Systems
   d) Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Systems
   Answer: b) Central Neural System (CNS) and Peripheral Neural System (PNS)

3. What is the primary structural and functional unit of the neural system?
   a) Synapse
   b) Neuron
   c) Axon
   d) Dendrite
   Answer: b) Neuron

4. Which part of the human brain acts as the "command and control system"?
   a) Midbrain
   b) Cerebrum
   c) Brainstem
   d) Thalamus
   Answer: b) Cerebrum

5. The gaps between two adjacent myelin sheaths on an axon are known as:
   a) Nodes of Ranvier
   b) Synaptic clefts
   c) Axonal terminals
   d) Neurotransmitters
   Answer: a) Nodes of Ranvier

6. What type of neuron transmits impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles?
   a) Sensory Neurons
   b) Afferent Fibres
   c) Efferent Fibres
   d) Autonomic Fibres
   Answer: c) Efferent Fibres

7. What is the function of the hypothalamus in the brain?
   a) Coordination of sensory and motor signaling
   b) Control of voluntary movements
   c) Regulation of body temperature and hunger
   d) Integration of visual and auditory inputs
   Answer: c) Regulation of body temperature and hunger

8. Which part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination?
   a) Cerebrum
   b) Pons
   c) Cerebellum
   d) Medulla
   Answer: c) Cerebellum

9. At what type of synapse is the transmission of an impulse always faster?
   a) Chemical Synapse
   b) Electrical Synapse
   c) Synaptic Knob
   d) Neural Junction
   Answer: b) Electrical Synapse

10. Which of the following best describes the action potential?
    a) Resting membrane potential
    b) Electrical potential difference across the synapse
    c) Rapid influx of Na+ ions leading to depolarization
    d) Movement of neurotransmitters across the synaptic cleft
    Answer: c) Rapid influx of Na+ ions leading to depolarization

11. Which structure connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres of the brain?
    a) Corpus Callosum
    b) Thalamus
    c) Medulla
    d) Hypothalamus
    Answer: a) Corpus Callosum

12. What type of nerve fibres transmit impulses from tissues or organs to the CNS?
    a) Efferent Fibres
    b) Afferent Fibres
    c) Somatic Neural Fibres
    d) Autonomic Neural Fibres
    Answer: b) Afferent Fibres

13. Which type of neuron is commonly found in the retina of the eye?
    a) Multipolar Neurons
    b) Bipolar Neurons
    c) Unipolar Neurons
    d) Myelinated Neurons
    Answer: b) Bipolar Neurons

14. What is the primary role of the cerebellum?
    a) Control of heart rate and respiration
    b) Integration of sensory signals
    c) Maintenance of posture and balance
    d) Processing of memory and emotions
    Answer: c) Maintenance of posture and balance

15. Which of the following forms the major part of the forebrain?
    a) Thalamus
    b) Cerebellum
    c) Cerebrum
    d) Medulla
    Answer: c) Cerebrum

16. What is the function of the sodium-potassium pump in neurons?
    a) It transports Na+ into the neuron and K+ out of the neuron.
    b) It generates neurotransmitters at the synapse.
    c) It maintains the resting membrane potential by pumping Na+ out and K+ into the neuron.
    d) It initiates the action potential during depolarization.
    Answer: c) It maintains the resting membrane potential by pumping Na+ out and K+ into the neuron.

17. Which structure in the midbrain is responsible for integrating visual, auditory, and tactile signals?
    a) Cerebral Aqueduct
    b) Corpora Quadrigemina
    c) Hypothalamus
    d) Pons
    Answer: b) Corpora Quadrigemina

18. Which part of the human brain regulates circadian rhythms?
    a) Thalamus
    b) Hypothalamus
    c) Medulla
    d) Cerebellum
    Answer: b) Hypothalamus

19. What is the name of the membrane potential when a neuron is not conducting any impulse?
    a) Action Potential
    b) Resting Potential
    c) Synaptic Potential
    d) Graded Potential
    Answer: b) Resting Potential

20. Which structure in the brain is directly involved in processing emotions such as rage and pleasure?
    a) Limbic System
    b) Thalamus
    c) Cerebellum
    d) Corpus Callosum
    Answer: a) Limbic System

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